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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
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The GRUB 2 configuration file, `grub.cfg`, is generated during installation, or by invoking the [application]*/usr/sbin/grub2-mkconfig* utility, and is automatically updated by [command]#grubby# each time a new kernel is installed. When regenerated manually using [application]*grub2-mkconfig*, the file is generated according to the template files located in `/etc/grub.d/`, and custom settings in the `/etc/default/grub` file. Edits of `grub.cfg` will be lost any time [application]*grub2-mkconfig* is used to regenerate the file, so care must be taken to reflect any manual changes in `/etc/default/grub` as well.
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- Normal operations on `grub.cfg`, such as the removal and addition of new kernels, should be done using the [command]#grubby# tool and, for scripts, using [command]#new-kernel-pkg# tool. If you use [command]#grubby# to modify the default kernel the changes will be inherited when new kernels are installed. For more information on [command]#grubby#, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
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+ Normal operations on `grub.cfg`, such as the removal and addition of new kernels, should be done using the [command]#grubby# tool and, for scripts, using [command]#new-kernel-pkg# tool. If you use [command]#grubby# to modify the default kernel the changes will be inherited when new kernels are installed. For more information on [command]#grubby#, see xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
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The `/etc/default/grub` file is used by the [command]#grub2-mkconfig# tool, which is used by `anaconda` when creating `grub.cfg` during the installation process, and can be used in the event of a system failure, for example if the boot loader configurations need to be recreated. In general, it is not recommended to replace the `grub.cfg` file by manually running `grub2-mkconfig` except as a last resort. Note that any manual changes to `/etc/default/grub` require rebuilding the `grub.cfg` file.
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@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@
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Changes to the GRUB 2 menu can be made temporarily at boot time, made persistent for a single system while the system is running, or as part of making a new GRUB 2 configuration file.
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- * To make non-persistent changes to the GRUB 2 menu, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Making_Temporary_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu[Making Temporary Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu].
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+ * To make non-persistent changes to the GRUB 2 menu, see xref:#sec-Making_Temporary_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu[Making Temporary Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu].
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- * To make persistent changes to a running system, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
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+ * To make persistent changes to a running system, see xref:#sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool[Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool].
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- * For information on making and customizing a GRUB 2 configuration file, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Customizing_the_GRUB_2_Configuration_File[Customizing the GRUB 2 Configuration File].
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+ * For information on making and customizing a GRUB 2 configuration file, see xref:#sec-Customizing_the_GRUB_2_Configuration_File[Customizing the GRUB 2 Configuration File].
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[[sec-Making_Temporary_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu]]
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== Making Temporary Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu
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@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
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The [option]`rhgb` and [option]`quiet` parameters can be removed in order to enable system messages.
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- These settings are not persistent and apply only for a single boot. To make persistent changes to a menu entry on a system, use the [command]#grubby# tool. See xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#bh-Adding_and_Removing_Arguments_from_a_GRUB_Menu_Entry[Adding and Removing Arguments from a GRUB Menu Entry] for more information on using [command]#grubby#.
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+ These settings are not persistent and apply only for a single boot. To make persistent changes to a menu entry on a system, use the [command]#grubby# tool. See xref:#bh-Adding_and_Removing_Arguments_from_a_GRUB_Menu_Entry[Adding and Removing Arguments from a GRUB Menu Entry] for more information on using [command]#grubby#.
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[[sec-Making_Persistent_Changes_to_a_GRUB_2_Menu_Using_the_grubby_Tool]]
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== Making Persistent Changes to a GRUB 2 Menu Using the grubby Tool
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@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
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[[sec-GRUB_2_Password_Protection]]
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== GRUB 2 Password Protection
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- GRUB 2 supports both plain-text and encrypted passwords in the GRUB 2 template files. To enable the use of passwords, specify a superuser who can reach the protected entries. Other users can be specified to access these entries as well. Menu entries can be password-protected for booting by adding one or more users to the menu entry as described in xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Setting_Up_Users_and_Password_Protection_Specifying_Menu_Entries[Setting Up Users and Password Protection, Specifying Menu Entries]. To use encrypted passwords, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Password_Encryption[Password Encryption].
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+ GRUB 2 supports both plain-text and encrypted passwords in the GRUB 2 template files. To enable the use of passwords, specify a superuser who can reach the protected entries. Other users can be specified to access these entries as well. Menu entries can be password-protected for booting by adding one or more users to the menu entry as described in xref:#sec-Setting_Up_Users_and_Password_Protection_Specifying_Menu_Entries[Setting Up Users and Password Protection, Specifying Menu Entries]. To use encrypted passwords, see xref:#sec-Password_Encryption[Password Encryption].
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[WARNING]
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====
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@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@
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~]#{nbsp}grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
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----
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- . Now follow the procedure in xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#sec-Reinstalling_GRUB_2[Reinstalling GRUB 2] to restore GRUB2 on the `/boot/` partition.
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+ . Now follow the procedure in xref:#sec-Reinstalling_GRUB_2[Reinstalling GRUB 2] to restore GRUB2 on the `/boot/` partition.
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[[sec-GRUB_2_over_a_Serial_Console]]
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== GRUB 2 over a Serial Console
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@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
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~]# grubby --remove-args="rhgb quiet" --args=console=ttyS0,115200 --update-kernel=DEFAULT
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----
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- The [option]`--update-kernel` parameter also accepts the keyword `ALL` or a comma separated list of kernel index numbers. See xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#bh-Adding_and_Removing_Arguments_from_a_GRUB_Menu_Entry[Adding and Removing Arguments from a GRUB Menu Entry] for more information on using [command]#grubby#.
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+ The [option]`--update-kernel` parameter also accepts the keyword `ALL` or a comma separated list of kernel index numbers. See xref:#bh-Adding_and_Removing_Arguments_from_a_GRUB_Menu_Entry[Adding and Removing Arguments from a GRUB Menu Entry] for more information on using [command]#grubby#.
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If required to build a new GRUB 2 configuration file, add the following two lines in the `/etc/default/grub` file:
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@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@
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Where [option]`console=ttyS0` is the serial terminal to be used, [option]`9600` is the baud rate, [option]`n` is for no parity, and [option]`8` is the word length in bits. A much higher baud rate, for example `115200`, is preferable for tasks such as following log files.
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- For more information on serial console settings, see xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#bh-Installable_and_External_Documentation[Installed Documentation]
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+ For more information on serial console settings, see xref:#bh-Installable_and_External_Documentation[Installed Documentation]
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====
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@@ -767,9 +767,9 @@
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Two procedures for resetting the `root` password are shown here:
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- * xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#proc-Resetting_the_Root_Password_Using_an_Installation_Disk[Resetting the Root Password Using an Installation Disk] takes you to a shell prompt, without having to edit the grub menu. It is the shorter of the two procedures and it is also the recommended method. You can use a server boot disk or a netinstall installation disk.
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+ * xref:#proc-Resetting_the_Root_Password_Using_an_Installation_Disk[Resetting the Root Password Using an Installation Disk] takes you to a shell prompt, without having to edit the grub menu. It is the shorter of the two procedures and it is also the recommended method. You can use a server boot disk or a netinstall installation disk.
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- * xref:Working_with_the_GRUB_2_Boot_Loader.adoc#proc-Resetting_the_Root_Password_Using_rd.break[Resetting the Root Password Using rd.break] makes use of [command]#rd.break# to interrupt the boot process before control is passed from `initramfs` to `systemd`. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires more steps, includes having to edit the GRUB menu, and involves choosing between a possibly time consuming SELinux file relabel or changing the SELinux enforcing mode and then restoring the SELinux security context for `/etc/shadow/` when the boot completes.
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+ * xref:#proc-Resetting_the_Root_Password_Using_rd.break[Resetting the Root Password Using rd.break] makes use of [command]#rd.break# to interrupt the boot process before control is passed from `initramfs` to `systemd`. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires more steps, includes having to edit the GRUB menu, and involves choosing between a possibly time consuming SELinux file relabel or changing the SELinux enforcing mode and then restoring the SELinux security context for `/etc/shadow/` when the boot completes.
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[[proc-Resetting_the_Root_Password_Using_an_Installation_Disk]]
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.Resetting the Root Password Using an Installation Disk
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