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@@ -1,154 +1,200 @@
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- = How to reset a root password
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+ [[chap-how-to-reset-a-root-password]]
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+ = How to Reset the root Password
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- '''
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+ Setting up a root password is one of the steps when installing Fedora.
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+ If you forget, or lose, the root password, there are two common methods to reset it:
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- [IMPORTANT]
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- ======
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+ * In Rescue Mode
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- This page was automatically converted from https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_reset_a_root_password
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+ * Using a Fedora Live Media (USB/DVD/CD)
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- It is probably
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- * Badly formatted
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- * Missing graphics and tables that do not convert well from mediawiki
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- * Out-of-date
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- * In need of other love
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+ [[sect-how-to-reset-the-password-from-emergency-or-single-user-mode]]
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+ == How to reset the root password in Rescue Mode
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+ [NOTE]
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- Pull requests accepted at https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/quick-docs
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+ ====
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- Once you've fixed this page, remove this notice, and update
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- `_topic_map.yml`.
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+ Changing passwords as root does not prompt for the old password.
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- Once the document is live, go to the original wiki page and replace its text
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- with the following macro:
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+ ====
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- ....
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- {{#fedoradocs: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/whatever-the-of-this-new-page}}
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- ....
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+ While booting the system the link:++grub2.html++[GRUB2] menu will be displayed.
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+ To boot the system into rescue mode using `bash` follow these steps:
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- ======
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+ . Use the arrow keys to select the boot entry you want to edit
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- '''
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+ . Press *e* to edit that entry
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+ . Use the arrow keys to go to the line that starts with `linux`, `linux16`, or `linuxefi`
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- Setting up a root password is a mandatory part of a Fedora installation.
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- If you forget or otherwise lose your root password, there are procedures
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- to reset it.
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+ . Go the the end of that line, add a space then type `rw init=/bin/bash`.
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+ If your disk is encrypted, you may need to add `plymouth.enable=0`
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- * If you have set a password for your boot loader, refer to
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- link:#using-installation-cd-dvd[ this section].
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- * If you want to reset the boot loader password, refer to
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- link:Reset_Bootloader_Password[ these instructions].
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- * If none of these scenarios apply to you, proceed to
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- link:#Entering_Rescue_Mode[ the next section].
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+ . Press *Ctrl-x* or *F10* to boot that entry
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- Fedora uses _targets_ to determine the services being run when you start
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- your system. Run level 1 can be used as a rescue mode. Booting Linux
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- under run level 1, which is also called _single user mode_, will display
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- a root prompt on bootup, from which you can reset the root password.
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+ . Run the command:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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- [[entering-rescue-mode]]
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- Entering Rescue Mode
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- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+ ----
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- [[using-grub2]]
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- Using GRUB2
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- ^^^^^^^^^^^
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+ passwd
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- While booting the system the GRUB2 menu will be displayed, to boot the
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- system using bash follow these steps:
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+ ----
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+ +
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+ It will prompt you to enter the new root password twice.
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- * Use the arrow keys to select the boot entry you want to edit
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- * Press *e* to start editing that entry
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- * Use the arrow keys to go to the line that starts with *linux* or
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- *linux16*
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- ** If you have a UEFI system it's the line that starts with *linuxefi*
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- * Go the the end of that line add a space then *rw* then another space
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- and *init=/bin/bash*
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- ** If your disk is encrypted, you may need to add *plymouth.enable=0* as
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- well
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- * Press *Ctrl-x* or *F10* to boot that entry
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+ . Restore the SELinux context and permissions with:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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- [[changing-root-password]]
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- Changing root password
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- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+ ----
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- As root, changing password does not ask for your old password. Run the
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- command:
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+ touch /.autorelabel
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- ....
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- # passwd
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- ....
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+ ----
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- Enter your new root password twice. Congratulations! You now have now
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- reset your root password.
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+ +
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- To make sure that selinux context of file which were now modified is
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- restored properly after reboot, run:
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+ [WARNING]
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- ....
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- # touch /.autorelabel
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- ....
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+ ====
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- You can than reboot the machine with
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+ If you do not restore the SELinux permissions, the boot process may fail.
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+ You may have to do a hard-reboot and start back at step 1.
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- ....
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- # /sbin/reboot -f
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- ....
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+ ====
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- [[reset-password-using-a-fedora-cddvd]]
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- Reset Password Using a Fedora CD/DVD
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- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+ . Reboot the machine with:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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- [[using-any-of-the-fedora-live-media]]
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- Using any of the Fedora Live Media
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- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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+ ----
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- * Boot the Live installation media
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- * After it finishes booting and starts the live session, open a terminal
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- and switch to root (using `su`, it won't ask for a password)
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- * Create a directory where you can mount the filesystem of your
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- installation:
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+ /sbin/reboot -f
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- `mkdir /mnt/sysimage`
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+ ----
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- * Mount the filesystem of your installation (/dev/sda1 is just an
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- example, be sure to fill in the actual device node of your installation
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- root */* partition):
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+ The system may take a while to boot as SELinux will be relabeling its permissions on the filesystem.
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+ If you see the Plymouth boot screen you can press the `ESC` key on your keyboard to view the SELinux progress.
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+ Once it is complete, your system is ready and your root password has been successfully changed.
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- `mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sysimage`
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+ [[sect-reset-password-using-the-fedora-live-media]]
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+ == How to reset the root password with a Fedora Live Media
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- * chroot to your installation:
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+ [NOTE]
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- `chroot /mnt/sysimage/`
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+ ====
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- * Change the root password:
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+ To download and create a live USB of Fedora Workstation, follow the instructions on the link:++live-usb.html++[Fedora USB Live Media Quick Doc].
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- `passwd`
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+ ====
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- * Exit from the chroot:
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+ . Boot the Live installation media and choose `Try Fedora`
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- `exit`
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+ . From the desktop, open a terminal and switch to root using `su` (it won't ask for a password)
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- That's it, simply reboot your system and then boot the installation from
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- the HDD as usual.
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+ . To view your hard drive device nodes, in the terminal type: `df -H`.
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+ For this example we will use `/dev/sda1` for the `/boot` partition and `/dev/sda2` for the root `/` partition.
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+ +
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+ If you are using LVM partitions, type: `sudo lvscan` and note the `/dev` path of your root partition.
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+ For this example we will use `/dev/fedora/root`.
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- [[reset-password-when-bios-is-password-protected]]
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- Reset Password When BIOS is Password Protected
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- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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+ . Create a directory for the mount point (use the `-p` option to create subdirectories):
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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- If you cannot enter rescue mode because you forgot the BIOS password
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- required to select an alternate boot device, you have three options:
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+ ----
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- * Refer to your computer's documentation for instructions on resetting
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- the BIOS password in CMOS memory, usually by moving a physical jumper.
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- * Physically change the boot order.
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- * Temporarily move the system hard disk to another machine, and follow
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- the procedures above to reset the root password.
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+ mkdir -p /mnt/sysimage/boot
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- Category:How_to
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- '''
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+ ----
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- See a typo, something missing or out of date, or anything else which can be
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- improved? Edit this document at https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/quick-docs.
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+ . Mount the `/` (root) partition (be sure to use the actual device node or LVM path of your root `/` partition):
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+ +
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+ To mount root on a *standard partition* scheme enter:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/sysimage
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+
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+ ----
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+ +
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+ To mount root on an *LVM partition* scheme enter:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ mount /dev/fedora/root /mnt/sysimage
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ . Continue the process by mounting `/boot`, `proc`, `/dev`, and `/run` with:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sysimage/boot
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+
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+ mount -t proc none /mnt/sysimage/proc
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+
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+ mount -o bind /dev /mnt/sysimage/dev
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+
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+ mount -o bind /run /mnt/sysimage/run
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ . `chroot` to the mounted root partition with:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ chroot /mnt/sysimage /bin/bash
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ . Change the root password:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ passwd
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ . Exit out of chroot with:
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+ +
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+ [source,bash]
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+
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+ ----
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+
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+ exit
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+
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+ ----
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+ +
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+ and exit out of the terminal.
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+
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+ . Reboot your system and boot from the hard drive.
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+
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+ Congratulations, your root password has been successfully changed.
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+
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+ [[sect-additional-troubleshooting]]
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+ == Additional Troubleshooting
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+
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+ . If you cannot enter rescue mode because you forgot the Firmware/BIOS password here are some options:
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+
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+ .. Refer to your computer's documentation for instructions on resetting the Firmware/BIOS password in CMOS memory.
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+
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+ .. Temporarily move the system hard disk to another machine, and follow the procedures above to reset the root password.
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+
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+ . If you have set a password for your boot loader, refer to link:++creating-and-using-a-live-installation-image.html++[Creating and Using a Live Installation Image].
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+
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+ . If you want to reset the boot loader password, refer to the instructions on how to link:++https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Reset_Bootloader_Password++[Reset the Bootloader Password].
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\ No newline at end of file
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